First, traits annual herb, high 30 ~ 100cm, a strong aroma. Stems are square, pubescent, base purplish, upper branches. Leaves opposite, 3 to 5-pinnately lobed, lobes stripe or lanceolate, 1.5-2 cm long, 1.5--4 mm wide, both surfaces pilose, glandular dots under the mask; veins not obvious. Umbrella inflorescences multiple flowers, integrated spikelike inflorescences with 2–13 cm discontinuity on top; calyx narrowly tufted, covered, calyx triangular-lanceolate; corolla blue-violet, 2-lipped, longer than calyx, lower lip middle The tips of the lobes are slightly concave, and the base is narrowed in claws; the stamens are 4 and 2 are strong. Small nuts have a round, triangular shape with small dots. Flowers small, lavender, flowering 6-8 months; fruiting period 7 September. Nutlets are oval or oval and have a smooth brown surface. It is cultivated in most parts of the country. It is mainly produced in Hebei, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hubei and Hunan. Second, growth habits Nepeta on the climate, soil and other environmental requirements are not strict, all parts of China can be planted in the north and south. Hi warm and humid climate. Seedlings can tolerate low temperatures around 0°C, and freezing damage occurs below -2°C. Avoid drought and water, avoid continuous work. Seed germination temperature is 15-20 °C. Seed life is 1 year. Third, cultivation technology The choice of land and site preparation should be based on fertile, moist and well-drained sandy loam soils. The terrain should be smooth and sunny. Nepeta seeds are small, and the site preparation must be carefully applied at the same time, and about 2000 kilograms of manure per acre is applied. Then plow about 25 centimeters deep, crushed the clods, repeated fine boring, leveling, making a wide 1.3 meters, about 10 centimeters high. 2. Breeding methods use seeds to reproduce, live or nursery transplanting. Normal summer live broadcast and spring sowing use seedling transplanting. (1) During the broadcast from May to June, the wheat field immediately after the harvest was made into a shallow ditch with a depth of 0.6 cm and a spacing of 25 cm. Seeds were soaked in warm water for 4-8 hours and mixed well with fine sand. When sowing seeds, the seeds were evenly spread in the ditch, and the cover soil was blocked and a little suppressed. 0.5 kg of seeds per acre. It can also be broadcast in spring or autumn, but the autumn broadcast takes a long time and is generally used less often. Sowing methods can also be used for sowing. (2) Spring sowing of transplanting seedlings should not be too late. Spread sowing, cover fine soil, cover with no seeds for the degree, a little repression, and cover with a straw to moisturize. After the emergence, the cover was removed and the seedlings were strengthened. When the height of seedlings is 6-7 cm, the seedlings are planted at a distance of 5 cm. From May to June, when the height of the seedlings was about 15 cm, the field was transplanted and the spacing was 15 cm*20 cm. 3. Field management (1) Saplings, seedlings and seedlings should be seedlings and seedlings after emergence. Live seedlings should be seedling height of 10-15 cm, and seedlings should be planted at a distance of 5 cm from the seedlings. Transplanters should cultivate seedlings with soil, and if there are any strains, they should be promptly filled. (2) Intertillage and weeding should be carried out in combination with seedlings. The cultivator should be shallow so as not to overwhelm the seedlings. Broadcasters, weeding only. After transplanting, depending on the conditions of soil compaction and weeds, weeding and weeding can be performed 1-2 times. (3) N fertilizer is more necessary for topdressing Nepeta, but should be topdressed with phosphorus and potash fertilizer in order to have more ounces of splendid panicles. When the seedling height is 10 cm, 1500 kg of mature cake fat per mu can be used, and a small amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer can be formulated. . (4) The rowing and irrigating seedlings should be often watered to facilitate the growth, and the drought resistance of the adult plants is enhanced. However, the leeches should be avoided. Therefore, if there is too much rain, the water should be promptly removed. 4. Pest control (1) Root rot is prone to high temperature water accumulation. (2) Stem blight affects stems, leaves, and spikes. Prevention methods: clean gardens; rotation with grass crops; per acre with 200 kg of compost heap into 3-4 cm soil layer. (3) Insect pests include floorworms, silver-winged moths, etc. (D) harvest and processing of spring broadcast, harvested from August to September of the year; summer broadcaster, harvested in October of that year; autumn broadcaster, can harvest from May to June of the following year. When some of the seeds on the spike turn brown and the flowers on the top have not yet dried up, after the sunny dew level, the whole plant is cut from the base with a trowel and dried, that is to say, whole catmint; Spike, stalks from the ears are called Nepeta stalks. It is better to use green stems with thick stems and long spikes and dense stems; Nepeta spikes with long spike length, no stem, rich aroma and no impurities are preferred. (v) Before the autumn harvest, select individual plants with strong planting, branching, and numerous panicles, and no pests and diseases. The harvesting time must be 15-20 days after the product is harvested. When the seeds are fully mature, full grain, dark brown or tan when harvested, dried threshing, impurity removal, placing the bag, hanging in a dry and ventilated place for storage.
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