Physical and chemical identification
Cross section of this product: 1 epidermal cell, thick horny layer, some with cork cells. The cortex has scattered fibers and stone cells. The plexiformis fiber group is crescent-shaped, and its inner side is often 2 to 5 columns of stone cells, and the tangential extension is connected to the ring of stone cells in the ray. Vascular external toughness. The bast ray broadens outwards, showing cones or branches of stone cells; phloem cells are mostly decadent, some have scattered 1 to 3 fibers on the outside, and several rows of parenchyma cells are on the inside. Xylem catheters are scattered individually or in several tangential connections. The ring marrow cell wall is slightly thicker and the pits are distinct. Parenchyma cells contain starch grains and calcium oxalate crystals. Powder yellow-brown or gray-brown. The epidermal cells are yellow or yellowish-brown, with round or oblong cross-sections and diameters ranging from 24 to 78 μm with a stratum corneum. Stone cells are light yellow or yellow, resembling square, fusiform, elliptical, or irregular, with thick walls and obvious pores. The cortex fibers are yellowish or yellow, 27 to 70 μm in diameter, and the walls are extremely thick and the cells are narrow. Calcium oxalate crystals are small and present in parenchyma cells.
(2) Take this product powder 2g, add ethanol 25ml, heat reflux for 1 hour, filtered, the filtrate evaporated, the residue plus 1ml of ethanol to dissolve, as the test solution. Another sinomenine reference substance was added and ethanol was added to prepare a solution containing 1 mg per 1 ml as a reference solution. According to the thin layer chromatography (Appendix VI B) test, 5 μl of each of the above two solutions was pipetted and spotted on the same silica gel G thin plate prepared with 2% sodium hydroxide solution, with toluene-ethyl acetate-methanol-water. (2:4:2:1) The upper layer solution placed at a temperature of 10°C or less is used as a developing agent, developed, taken out, and air-dried, followed by spraying with a potassium iodide test solution and a sodium nitrite ethanol test solution. In the chromatogram of the test sample, the spots of the same color appear on the positions corresponding to the chromatogram of the reference substance.
Character identification
Ivy's dried cane is slender, cylindrical, 5-20 mm in diameter, grayish-brown or tan in appearance, with longitudinal wrinkles and transverse lenticels, and swelling at nodes. Lightweight, firm and brittle, easy to break, cross-section grayish yellow or grayish brown, uneven, phloem section of the cross-section is very narrow, xylem catheter and rays are radially arranged, the catheter is larger, the central round of the marrow. Weakness and bitterness. Production in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Hubei and other places.
The dried cane of Hua Fangji has a cylindrical shape and is 10-30 cm long. Surface gray brown, irregular grooves, cracks and scars. Extremely hard and hard to break. Cut off the surface of the catheter, the vascular bundle is radial, and clear multi-layer ring, usually 2 to 7 turns, eccentricity. The gas is weak and the taste is bitter. Production in Hunan.
The dry old vines of the breeze vines are cylindrical, grayish black and smooth, with longitudinal wrinkles and petiole residues. Cross-sectional skin is thin, grayish black, xylem yellow-white, ray is not obvious. Slightly bitter taste. Produced in Zhejiang.
Microscopic identification
Cross-section of this product: 1 epidermal cell, light yellow or yellow stone cells, square, spindle, oval or irregular shape, thicker wall, obvious pores. The cortex fibers are yellowish or yellow, 27 to 70 μm in diameter, and the walls are extremely thick and the cells are narrow. Calcium oxalate crystals are small and present in parenchyma cells.
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