Experts: Fertilization of fruit trees depends not only on the effect of the year but also on the impact of the nutritional status of the trees stored on the coming year. The goal is to achieve high quality and high yield for consecutive years.
Reporter: What are the requirements for the application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in fruit trees?
Experts: The fruit trees at fruit stage absorb nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium at the same time, and the absorption of nitrogen and potassium is greater than that of phosphorus. There are slight differences among fruit trees of different species or varieties. If the nitrogen absorbed by fruit trees is 1, the amplitude of phosphorus is 0.3 to 0.5, and the change of potassium is 0.9 to 1.6. For different types of fruit trees, the absorption of phosphorus and potassium is greater than that of other fruit trees, and the requirements for potassium are high.
In determining the amount of fertilization, the fertilization of fruit trees is calculated according to the strain and is rarely calculated according to acre. For adult fruit trees, the annual fertilization rate of each plant N is about 0.5 to 1.0 kg, equivalent to 1.1 to 2.2 kg of urea. The ratio of P and K varies due to different growth periods.
Reporter: The current season is the fruit period of fruit trees. How do you fertilize it?
Expert: The current fertilization of fruit trees is to apply fertilizer (basal fertilizer has been applied in autumn or early spring). This fertilizer is called a strong fruit fertilizer. The purpose of fertilization is to promote fruit enlargement and flower bud differentiation, which can guarantee high quality and high yield in the year, and lay a foundation for the results of the coming year, which is good for overcoming the size of the year. In the ratio of N, P and K, more potassium should be supplied, followed by nitrogen. High-potassium, medium-nitrogen, and low-phosphorus ternary compound fertilizers can be used.
In fertilizing technology, although it is top dressing, it is different from field crops and vegetables. Since the main root of the fruit tree is under the soil layer, the fertilization location should be at the outer edge of the canopy, and the ditch, multi-holes, and troughs can be used. The fertilizer should be buried in a certain depth to avoid root injury or root damage. Using the characteristics of root fertility, the introduction of new roots into deeper layers can also increase the drought resistance of fruit trees.
In addition to fertilizing the soil, the top dressing of fruit trees should also consider the method of foliar fertilization. Supplementing the deficiency of trace elements by top-dressing outside roots is necessary for high-yielding and high-quality fruit trees.
Expert Tips:
Fruit trees fertilization should consider the balanced supply of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, generally high potassium, medium nitrogen, and low phosphorus. The fertilization location must be at the periphery of the canopy, applied to a certain depth. To supplement the trace elements, foliar spray can be used.
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