Photosynthetic Bacteria (PSB) photosynthetic bacteria are small, fast-growing, adaptable, and diverse in metabolism. Their bacterial cells are rich in nutrients, their protein content is more than 60%, and the essential amino acids are complete, rich in content, and vitamins. The content is also relatively high, especially the content of VB12, biotin and folic acid, which are easily lacking in aquatic animal feed, is extremely rich, and it also contains a large number of physiologically active substances such as carotenoids and coenzyme Q that can promote the growth of animals. Yao Zhijun et al. (1996) set up three groups in the experiment, that is, adding the PSB with the food test group, the same formula control group without the PSB, and the whole animal food group. The results showed that the test group with PSB had the fastest growth rate and the daily weight gain rate was significantly higher than that of the control group, which was 19.0% and 31.6% higher than the two control groups, and the feed coefficient was also the lowest, which was 25.4% lower than that of the control group. It can be seen that photosynthetic bacteria have a significant role in promoting growth and improving feed efficiency. During the experiment, it was also found that photosynthetic bacteria have obvious effects of attracting food and improving body color, making the cultured quail closer to wild individuals. According to reports, PSB also has enhanced phlegm constitution, and improved its resistance to disease, egg production, and survival rate.
Carnitine Carnitine is a B-vitamin-like compound that differs from antibiotic growth-promoting agents and hormonal growth-promoting agents and from general protein and peptide-type nutrients. Adding moderate amounts can increase the ability of fatty acids to pass through the mitochondrial inner membrane and promote the metabolism of fatty acids. It can increase body weight while lowering body fat and improve meat quality. It can increase the utilization of fats, proteins, amino acids and energy. It can promote fat-soluble vitamins and calcium. Phosphorus absorption. Wu Zunlin (1997) used fish and shrimp No. 4 promoting agent consisting mainly of carnitine, VC-2 polyphosphate, methiodin, and multi-dimensional compound (VD3, VB6, VE) for 22g of larvae with a size of about 12g. Feeding test. Results The weight gain of fish and shrimp containing carnitine No. 4 was the most significant. The growth rate was 27.5%~36.6% higher than that of the control group, and the feed coefficient and feed protein consumption were reduced by 26%~30%. The optimum level of addition was 2000mg/kg. The VC, esters, and multidimensional compound have little effect on the longevity of sputum.
Β-carotene β-carotene is a nutrient additive widely used in the world and has a significant effect on animal growth and disease resistance. Carotene is a precursor of vitamin A, and the efficiency of its conversion to vitamin A varies greatly depending on the animal species. Beta-carotene has an independent physiological effect not related to vitamin A. It can enhance the transmission of information between cells. It is an antioxidant that cuts off the chain reaction, can eliminate toxic oxygen free radicals in animals, and can improve the animal's own immunity. It can resist the invasion of bacteria and viruses and increase the survival rate of cultured animals. It can promote the growth of animals and improve the production performance. It has obvious effects on the reproductive performance of females; β-carotene is a natural yellow or orange color, and it is also an effective coloring. Agent. Yang Xinyu et al. (1997) used beta-carotene produced by a pharmaceutical factory and added 0.4% of Chinese sturgeon, which weighed 128 g, in 0.4% feed. After 73 days of testing, the results showed that the beta-carotene was added. The rate increased by 15.8% compared with the control group, and the daily gain increased by 105.6%.
Spirulina Spirulina belongs to the genus Cyanophyta, Oscillatoria and Oscillatoria, and the current domestic production of Spirulina is mainly Spirulina platensis and Spirulina maxima. The nutritional value of Spirulina is extremely high. Its protein content is as high as 60% to 70%, and its protein quality is excellent. It contains 17 kinds of amino acids, is easy to digest and absorb, and has good palatability. It is rich in vitamins and has 13 species, especially β-. High levels of carotene, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin E, vitamin K, etc. Contains a full range of minerals, about 50 or more, and these minerals are present in a chelated state in the algae and are easily digested and absorbed. The utilization ratio is very high; Spirulina has a high proportion of unsaturated fatty acids, especially linolenic acid, and linolenic acid is an essential fatty acid of alfalfa, which not only promotes growth, but also enhances resistance to disease; moderate carbohydrate content, including The polysaccharides have the effect of regulating and improving the body's immunity. In addition to the above-mentioned various nutrients, Spirulina also contains a variety of biologically active substances. It contains a variety of enzymes, can promote the digestion and absorption of nutrients, improve feed efficiency, contains unknown growth factors that promote growth, and is rich in pigments. Contains factors that increase animal immunity and disease resistance. Spirulina has a broad application prospect as a feed additive for alfalfa. The dry powder is generally added in an amount of 0.5% to 3%. Adding spirulina to feed can promote the growth of earthworms, increase feed utilization, enhance disease resistance, and increase survival rate. Ning Yunwang et al. (2000) found that adding 1% to 2% of spirulina in the diet of young calves significantly promoted the weight gain of pups, and increased the feed intake of pups by 18.6% to 23.5%; The addition of 1% to 8% spirulina to the larvae diet can significantly promote the lateral growth of the larvae and deepen the blue-green abdomen of the larvae, increasing the resistance to disease.
Allicin is a volatile oil extracted from bulbous bulbs of garlic. It is a mixture of diallyl trisulfide, diallyl disulfide, and methallyl disulfide, among which three Sulfide has strong inhibition and killing effect on pathogenic microorganisms, and disulfide also has certain antibacterial and bactericidal effects. Application of allicin in aquaculture can enhance immunity to disease and prevent various diseases. It has a strong attractant effect, can improve feed flavor, promote animal growth and development, improve production performance; can reduce feed efficiency and increase feed conversion. The economic benefits are very significant. According to reports, adding 1% allicin additives in juvenile bait, after 12 months of culture, the test group increased production by 20% compared with the control group.
Chinese herbal medicine additives Chinese herbal medicine additives contain many nutrients, in addition to rich in a variety of vitamins, carbohydrates, proteins, fats and other nutrients, but also contains biological active substances, a variety of major elements and trace elements, especially tin, molybdenum, chromium, etc. Can promote the body's glucose metabolism, protein and enzyme synthesis, and promote the growth of earthworms. Chinese herbal additives have various degrees of inhibition and killing effect on many bacteria, some pathogenic fungi and a few viruses. Such as Chinese herbal medicine such as Astragalus can improve the body's immune system, thereby increasing its resistance to bacteria and viruses and contributing to the health and development of the body.
The above-mentioned several kinds of safe feed additives have the advantages of enhancing carcass disease resistance, promoting growth of carp, improving meat quality, lowering feed cost, improving feed efficiency, and having no residue and no resistance, and can make the produced plutonium pollution-free. With high nutritional value and good flavor, it will be widely used.
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