I. Variety selection
This type of cultivation should use varieties with strong growth potential, disease resistance, and heat-resistance, such as sweet peppers No.6, No.4 No.4, No.4 Zhongjiao, and peppers such as Ji Ze Jiao and Wang Duo Jiao.
Second, must use breeding method
Live broadcast, due to extensive management, causing seedlings to grow unevenly or lack of seedlings, the growth period is short, more than 40 days later than the seedling transplanting period, the plants are short and the quality of the seedlings is poor. In the event of a major year of viral disease, the disease is endemic, and the reduction in yield is severe or even incomplete. When seedlings are used for legal planting, the seedlings have been planted with most buds. This ensures that the plants grow efficiently during the appropriate seasons, that is, they can quickly flower and produce fruits, obtain harvests, and quickly seal ridges and increase heat resistance before the onset of the summer season. , Reducing the occurrence of diseases, especially conducive to the early suppression of viral diseases can achieve early results, high yield, disease resistance, and can save land and seeds.
Third, sowing
According to the local nursery site, conditions and date of planting, as well as the seedlings when planting most of the criteria to achieve buds, to determine the sowing time. The seedling age is about 70 days. In the south-central region of China, it is generally planted in the solar greenhouse in February.
Seed disinfection before sowing: After soaking in warm water at 55°C for 20-30 minutes, soaking with 1% copper sulfate for 5 minutes can prevent and cure anthrax, bacterial speck disease and epidemic, then rinse with clean water, and then use 2% hydrogen Soaking seeds with sodium oxide or 10% trisodium phosphate for 15 minutes can inactivate the activity of the virus and prevent the occurrence of viral diseases. Rinse with clean water and soak for 4 to 8 hours at room temperature. After soaking the seeds, remove the seeds and dry the water. Place the shoots at 25°C to 30°C. Soak morning and evening with clean water. Seed after budding. In some places, germination is not carried out. Seeds soaked can be washed and sown. In the process of germination, except that the seeds should be turned and flushed, the package should not be too strict. 4 to 5 days to germinate.
Fourth, nursery
Earthworm seedlings were used. In order to reduce the chance of disease transmission, seedlings should be divided between seedlings and seedlings, and the area for seedlings should be increased. Each 15 m2 nursery bed was screened for rotten organic fertilizer 100-150 kilograms, ternary compound fertiliser 1 kilograms, 1.5 kilograms, mixed with soil, and soaked in water. Before planting, the foot water was sowed in order to prevent seedling disease and water infiltration. Use 50% carbendazim WP 100 times liquid to sterilize the seedbed, 0.5 kg per square meter of liquid medicine, and then drill 7 cm row spacing, after sowing, cover soil 1 cm, overlying the plastic film.
Plastic seedlings are used. Preparation of nutritious soil: 50% of the fertile surface sandy loam soil not planted with eggplant vegetables, 50% of manure with decomposed sifting, 0.5 - 1 kg of N, P, K compound fertilizer per cubic meter, 50% carbendazim 80- 100 grams or green hen No. 5 grams. After mixing with good materials, the soil and fertilizer are fully mixed and then filled with nutrients, soaked in bottom water before sowing, and seeds that have been rushed through the seed are broadcast live.
V. Seedling management
To avoid the overcrowding of the seedlings, start from the heart of 1 leaf and divide the seedlings and the seedlings in time, and set the seedlings with 3 leaves and 1 heart. The distance between the points is 5 cm to ensure that there is sufficient nutrition area. In 2 to 3 true leaves, 3 to 4 true leaves and 7 to 10 days before colonization, spray 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 0.1% urea + 0.2% zinc sulfate mixed fertilizer solution to promote flower bud differentiation and Improve plant disease resistance.
The temperature should be controlled in stages. The soil temperature after sowing can be maintained at 28°C to 30°C or even 32°C. When the seedlings graves the soil, the temperature drops to 27°C to 28°C, and the lowest soil temperature at night can be maintained at 18°C ​​to 20°C to promote emergence. The daytime maximum temperature of the seedlings should be maintained at 23°C～25°C, and gradually decrease from 20°C to 15°C～17°C at night. 7 to 10 days before planting to gradually cool, seedlings for low temperature exercise, the daytime temperature can be reduced to 18 °C ~ 20 °C, night 10 °C ~ 12 °C.
Bottom water should be sufficient before planting and at the time of transplanting to maintain proper soil temperature. After transplanting, it is necessary to see seedlings replenish water and choose sunny days to take place before noon. It is especially important to note that late in the nursery period, do not affect the soil temperature due to replenishment.
Sixth, pay attention to the issues of seedling management
1. The seedling leggy grower: Especially during the flattening of the two cotyledons to the break of the true leaf is the most prolific period. This period must strictly control the temperature control water.
2. Seedling disease: temperature can not be too high, soil moisture and air humidity can not be too large, otherwise, damping-off, blight easily occur. Control measures: After 75% of seedlings are unearthed, spray 50% carbendazim 500 times or 64% anti-virus WP 500 times or 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 600 times, sterilize and prevent disease, after 7~ Spray once in 10 days. Timely ventilation, to prevent the seedbed wet, the temperature is too high to induce the disease.
3. Insect pests: When a large number of underground pests such as cockroaches and cockroaches in seedbeds occur, they cause harm and cause dead seedlings. Prevention and control measures: 80% of dichlorvos EC can be used to irrigate seedbed soil 1000 times to prevent earthworms; use 50% phoxim EC 50 times liquid to mix and grind the bean cakes, wheat bran and other baits. Sprinkle on seedling soil to kill. Hey.
4. Air-dried dead seedlings: seedlings that have not been ventilated for a long period of time are in a relatively high-humidity space. When the seedbed is ventilated, the cold air directly convects, and the cover is blown away by the wind. The temperature and humidity of the air suddenly drop and the leaves of the tender leaves are dehydrated. More often than not, it causes wilting. If the wilting lasts too long, the leaves cannot be restored and it eventually becomes green and dry.
Prevention and control measures: When ventilating seedbeds, they should be ventilated on the side of sheltered winds. The amount of ventilation should be from small to large, so that the seedlings have a process of adaptation, windy weather, pay attention to the pressure of the cover, and prevent the wind from blowing.
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