Rice is one of the most important foods for everyone. Melon is one of the favorite fruits. Do you know that they can be planted on the same land? If they are properly managed, they can double income. For farmers and rice farmers, it should be A gratifying thing, let's learn about the cultivation of melon technology in rice fields.
In recent years, with the continuous adjustment of the agricultural industrial structure, the melon planting industry with higher economic benefits has received more and more attention from people, and the planting area has increased year by year. However, cantaloupe is one of the most persistent crops. After continuous cropping, the soil-borne diseases such as blight and anthracnose are serious, resulting in reduced yield or even no harvest. Reasonable rotation is an important guarantee for high quality, high yield and high efficiency of melon.
Dry land rotation needs to be separated by 8 to 10 years, and rice and dry rotation should be separated by 4 to 5 years. In recent years, the excessive use of the dry field herbicides atrazine and acetochlor has seriously affected the survival rate of cantaloupe transplanting, reduced the yield and quality of melon, and directly affected the economic benefits. After many years of production practice, melon farmers have summed up the high-quality, high-yield new technology of using canola to grow cantaloupe.
First, the advantages of planting cantaloupe in rice fields
1. Reduce the risk of weeds. Because the rice fields are mostly grass weeds, the growth environment is changed after the cultivation of the melons, the weeds are not easy to breed, the weed damage is reduced, the production cost is reduced, and the quality and high yield of the melon are beneficial.
2. There are few pesticide residues in rice fields, which is conducive to the high quality and high yield of cantaloupe. The residual period of the amide herbicide used in weeding in paddy fields is mostly 30 to 60 days, and no phytotoxicity will occur in the second year of cantaloupe cultivation; and the herbicides in dry field, especially the herbicide Atrazine in broadleaf weeds For 18 months, it will cause certain phytotoxicity to the production of cantaloupe in the second year. Therefore, rice paddy melon is more conducive to high quality and high yield.
3. Paddy field water source is convenient, can meet the requirements of water conditions in different growth stages of cantaloupe at any time, which is conducive to the high yield and stable yield of cantaloupe.
4. The paddy field is flat and the rice paddy is soft, which is conducive to planting melon to make bed, film, and shed.
Second, the main technical links
1. Selection of melon land: The melon land should choose the deep, loose, fertile loam or sandy loam soil, and the dry land can be filled with rice fields.
2. Variety selection: Variety should choose high-quality, high-yield varieties with early maturity, low temperature resistance and strong resistance, such as Jinqi F1 and Hongcheng 11 varieties.
3. Nursery: Rice field arch shed melons use the greenhouse to raise seedlings in the middle and late March. After soaking for about 12 hours before soaking, it can disinfect, sterilize and reduce water, enhance the activity of seed enzymes, and increase germination rate and germination potential. When the bud length reaches 1-2 mm, the seedlings are nursed. In the seedling stage, attention should be paid to the heat preservation work. In case of low temperature, it is necessary to raise the temperature of the fire to prevent the melon seedlings from being damaged by freezing.
4. Preparing the bed for the whole land: It is best to plant the rice in the paddy field before the freezing of the soil in the autumn, and apply 2,500-3,000 kg of high-quality farmyard manure in the mu, and then rotate the tillage, and must be fine, flat, and free of dirt. It is also possible to carry out land preparation and bed making in the middle and late April of spring. Generally, the bed is 1.2 to 1.3 meters wide, leaving a working path of 0.4 meters wide between the beds.
5. Planting buckle shed: Before and after May 1st, choose sunny and warm weather, open the planting hole on the bed surface according to the plant spacing 0.5-0.6 meters, apply the plant after the application of diammonium phosphate fertilizer, and plant 2 rows per bed. After planting, cover the mulch film in time, buckle the arch shed, keep warm and moisturize, and improve the survival rate of transplanting.
6. Field management: Strengthening field management is an important guarantee for obtaining high quality and high yield of cantaloupe. After transplanting, when the temperature in the shed reaches 30 °C or above, it is necessary to ventilate and cool down in time; when the melon seedling grows to 3 to 4 leaves, it is necessary to promptly pick up the right and play the right to promote the transformation of the melon from vegetative growth to reproductive growth; Timely dip flowers, artificial pollination, to ensure fruit set rate.
7. Disease prevention and control: The common diseases of melon in rice field arch shed are mainly blight and virus diseases. It is timely to apply carbendazim, dexamethasone, phytopathology, fungi and other agents for prevention and treatment.
Third, timely harvest
Each melon variety has its own characteristics when it matures. The harvesting period can be judged according to the changes of aroma and skin color. Generally, the harvested nine mature melons are available on the spot, and the harvested from the eight to nine mature harvests.
Planting cantaloupe in rice fields has the advantages of reducing weeds and increasing income. Farmers or rice farmers havetened to use them to get a good harvest.
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