Practice has proved that walnuts are allogeneic plants, flowering usually in mid-April. The female flower buds are mixed buds, and the resulting shoots are drawn after germination in the spring. Male buds are bare buds and fall off after loosening. The pollen is yellow-green and spreads by the wind. The effective pollination range is about 200 meters. Walnut female flowers and male flowers are often not open at the same time, and the flowering period differs by 3 to 10 days. Some varieties of female flowers open first, open after the male flower, male type; some varieties of male flowers open, female flowers open, male first type. When the male-type male flower is open, the stigma of the female flower is already wilting and loses its ability to receive pollen. When the male flower of the male type begins, the male flower has fallen off and the pollination opportunity is lost. The majority of unpollinated female flowers will fall off, and a few will also be able to develop fruits, but the seeds will dry up and form empty shells, which will affect the yield. Therefore, when constructing a walnut, attention should be paid to the configuration of the pollination tree.
The common female types are Green Wave, Xiangling, Zhonglin No.1, etc. The first males are Liaoning No.1, Luguang, Fenghui, etc. If the main planting type is the female type, the pollinated varieties should be selected. The main cultivar is male-type, pollination cultivars should be selected male-type. The walnut garden generally only selects one main cultivar to ensure the consistency of the walnut products. The pollination varieties can be selected from 1 to 3, and the allocation ratio of the pollination trees can be 1:8 or 1:10, that is, one pollination tree is arranged every 8 to 10 rows.
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