The pre-winter period was the period from the emergence of wheat to the beginning of winter (the daily average temperature dropped below 2°C, and the wheat seedlings basically stopped growing). The main direction of pre-winter management is on the basis of Miao Quan and Miao Lian, promoting root growth, promoting weak control, cultivating strong seedlings, and ensuring that wheat seedlings safely pass winter.
1. Scratching and cutting wheat before winter can eliminate weeds, loosen the soil, bridge the cracks, and help prevent drought and freezing. Among them, for late-seeding weak seedlings, ploughing can also promote root mulching; proper squating for strong seedlings and wangmiao seedlings can cut off some secondary roots, promote root barbulation, and increase deep root volume, which is conducive to control and prosperous growth. To prevent premature aging and lodging, and to reduce the number of childbirths, improve the structure of the population, and promote the growth of large grains.
2. Suppression of wheat before winter repression can eliminate rubidium crushed, compaction of soil, with the role of raising hoe, promoting roots, increasing glutinous rice, and strengthening seedlings. At the same time, repression can also inhibit the growth of the main stem and big buckwheat, which is conducive to the growth of Wang Miao. The repression should be chosen at noon on sunny days, when there is frost, ice or dew in the early morning, no repression can be made. Saline wheat fields and wheat fields with wet soils cannot be suppressed.
3. Winter irrigation wheat timely irrigation, you can stabilize the ground temperature, to prevent the freezing of dead seedlings; soil can be crushed, rub waste, eliminate overwintering pests; saline-alkali wheat in winter irrigation, you can also press alkali to improve soil. The appropriate time for the winter irrigation is generally to begin when the average daily temperature drops to 7°C to 8°C, and ends when about 5°C. The masses’ experience is: the night is frozen and the winter irrigation is just right. Winter irrigation is too early, the temperature is high, and the amount of evaporation is too large to receive the desired effect. Winter irrigation late, the soil is frozen, the water can not be in time infiltration, the area of ​​water ice, wheat seedlings easily suffocate under the ice to death, or the formation of ice ling, lift up the clods, break the wheat root, hang the wheat seedlings. The order of winter irrigation is generally the first to infiltrate poor clay land, low-lying land, and later infiltrate the water-rich sand land; first to fill the bottom of the second or third type of wheat field where the bottom is insufficient or the surface of the table is poor, and the rear irrigation is better and sowing is earlier. , and there is a long trend of wheat fields. After the winter irrigation, we must timely remove the loose soil and bridge the cracks so as to increase the temperature of the soil and prevent the dead seedlings from passing through the roots.
4. Covering the grass Before winter, in the dryland wheat row, 300 kg to 400 kg of wheat bran, wheat straw, or other plant wastes are sprayed on each acre, which can protect the soil and prevent freezing. It can also improve soil and fertility after corruption. Dryland Wheat Effective Measures for Drought Resistance, Antifreeze, and Production Increase.
5. Covering the feces After the winter wheat enters the wintering period, a layer of manure is applied along the ridge (people call it “warm ditch manureâ€), which can protect the wind and protect the earth, increase the temperature and prevent freezing, and supplement the nutrients for the green growth of the wheat seedlings. Covering the thickness of manure to 3 cm to 4 cm is appropriate, apply about 5 cars per acre of manure. In the case of insufficient manure, crops such as late barley, wheat fields in shallow sowing, wheat fields in the sand, and wheat fields sown with weak winter crops must be covered.
6. When the roots of the vines are about to stop growing before they cross over the winter, the combination of ploughing and boring soils can effectively prevent winter wheat from freezing. The year of serious frost damage has a particularly obvious effect, generally increasing production by 5% to 10%.
7. The urine in the urine contains 0.5% nitrogen, 0.13% phosphorus, 0.19% potassium, and 3% organic matter. In the winter, 250 kg to 500 kg of fresh urine is poured per acre of wheat, which generally increases production by 25 kg to 50 kg. The effect is very obvious. The urination time usually starts from the beginning of winter and ends at the end of the Qing dynasty, but it is the best time from freezing to before thawing. Before the soil is frozen, it can be poured at any time during the day, but it must be diluted with the same amount of fresh water to prevent burning seedlings. During the freezing period, the weather should be sunny and warm at noon or afternoon, and the soil should be poured when it is thawed. It can be poured directly without dilution with water. The method of urinating is preferably applied by pouring or furrowing, and immediately covering the soil after application. If it is applied, it is necessary to timely remove the loose soil after the application and remove the compaction so as to protect the fat. The amount of urine poured, generally 500 kg to 750 kg per mu, up to no more than 1000 kg. Pouring too much water, easy to burn the seedlings in poorly lit plots.
8. Prohibiting pastoral practice has proved that, after wheat seedlings are fed by sheep and other livestock, the area of ​​green leaves and ground cover are reduced, and the freezing injury is aggravated. The spring return to spring and evening, and the tillering percentage and panicle weight of tillers are all significantly reduced. According to investigations by relevant authorities, in wheat fields grazing by sheep, lighter people cut output by 5.04%, three times reduced production by 31.3%, continuous smashing reduced production by 51.7%, and Ma's wheat production reduced by an average of 14.2% to 32%. To this end, remind farmers that friends must strictly prohibit livestock greening.
1. Scratching and cutting wheat before winter can eliminate weeds, loosen the soil, bridge the cracks, and help prevent drought and freezing. Among them, for late-seeding weak seedlings, ploughing can also promote root mulching; proper squating for strong seedlings and wangmiao seedlings can cut off some secondary roots, promote root barbulation, and increase deep root volume, which is conducive to control and prosperous growth. To prevent premature aging and lodging, and to reduce the number of childbirths, improve the structure of the population, and promote the growth of large grains.
2. Suppression of wheat before winter repression can eliminate rubidium crushed, compaction of soil, with the role of raising hoe, promoting roots, increasing glutinous rice, and strengthening seedlings. At the same time, repression can also inhibit the growth of the main stem and big buckwheat, which is conducive to the growth of Wang Miao. The repression should be chosen at noon on sunny days, when there is frost, ice or dew in the early morning, no repression can be made. Saline wheat fields and wheat fields with wet soils cannot be suppressed.
3. Winter irrigation wheat timely irrigation, you can stabilize the ground temperature, to prevent the freezing of dead seedlings; soil can be crushed, rub waste, eliminate overwintering pests; saline-alkali wheat in winter irrigation, you can also press alkali to improve soil. The appropriate time for the winter irrigation is generally to begin when the average daily temperature drops to 7°C to 8°C, and ends when about 5°C. The masses’ experience is: the night is frozen and the winter irrigation is just right. Winter irrigation is too early, the temperature is high, and the amount of evaporation is too large to receive the desired effect. Winter irrigation late, the soil is frozen, the water can not be in time infiltration, the area of ​​water ice, wheat seedlings easily suffocate under the ice to death, or the formation of ice ling, lift up the clods, break the wheat root, hang the wheat seedlings. The order of winter irrigation is generally the first to infiltrate poor clay land, low-lying land, and later infiltrate the water-rich sand land; first to fill the bottom of the second or third type of wheat field where the bottom is insufficient or the surface of the table is poor, and the rear irrigation is better and sowing is earlier. , and there is a long trend of wheat fields. After the winter irrigation, we must timely remove the loose soil and bridge the cracks so as to increase the temperature of the soil and prevent the dead seedlings from passing through the roots.
4. Covering the grass Before winter, in the dryland wheat row, 300 kg to 400 kg of wheat bran, wheat straw, or other plant wastes are sprayed on each acre, which can protect the soil and prevent freezing. It can also improve soil and fertility after corruption. Dryland Wheat Effective Measures for Drought Resistance, Antifreeze, and Production Increase.
5. Covering the feces After the winter wheat enters the wintering period, a layer of manure is applied along the ridge (people call it “warm ditch manureâ€), which can protect the wind and protect the earth, increase the temperature and prevent freezing, and supplement the nutrients for the green growth of the wheat seedlings. Covering the thickness of manure to 3 cm to 4 cm is appropriate, apply about 5 cars per acre of manure. In the case of insufficient manure, crops such as late barley, wheat fields in shallow sowing, wheat fields in the sand, and wheat fields sown with weak winter crops must be covered.
6. When the roots of the vines are about to stop growing before they cross over the winter, the combination of ploughing and boring soils can effectively prevent winter wheat from freezing. The year of serious frost damage has a particularly obvious effect, generally increasing production by 5% to 10%.
7. The urine in the urine contains 0.5% nitrogen, 0.13% phosphorus, 0.19% potassium, and 3% organic matter. In the winter, 250 kg to 500 kg of fresh urine is poured per acre of wheat, which generally increases production by 25 kg to 50 kg. The effect is very obvious. The urination time usually starts from the beginning of winter and ends at the end of the Qing dynasty, but it is the best time from freezing to before thawing. Before the soil is frozen, it can be poured at any time during the day, but it must be diluted with the same amount of fresh water to prevent burning seedlings. During the freezing period, the weather should be sunny and warm at noon or afternoon, and the soil should be poured when it is thawed. It can be poured directly without dilution with water. The method of urinating is preferably applied by pouring or furrowing, and immediately covering the soil after application. If it is applied, it is necessary to timely remove the loose soil after the application and remove the compaction so as to protect the fat. The amount of urine poured, generally 500 kg to 750 kg per mu, up to no more than 1000 kg. Pouring too much water, easy to burn the seedlings in poorly lit plots.
8. Prohibiting pastoral practice has proved that, after wheat seedlings are fed by sheep and other livestock, the area of ​​green leaves and ground cover are reduced, and the freezing injury is aggravated. The spring return to spring and evening, and the tillering percentage and panicle weight of tillers are all significantly reduced. According to investigations by relevant authorities, in wheat fields grazing by sheep, lighter people cut output by 5.04%, three times reduced production by 31.3%, continuous smashing reduced production by 51.7%, and Ma's wheat production reduced by an average of 14.2% to 32%. To this end, remind farmers that friends must strictly prohibit livestock greening.
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