Regarding the potato cultivation technology, Hui Nong.com has compiled a lot of things for everyone. Today, Xiaobian will bring a new kind to everyone. It is necessary to know that the environmental adaptability of potatoes is very strong, and the technology matures. High production and quality can be met at the same time to meet the needs of consumers. Let's learn together!
1 plot selection
The primary condition for high yield and good harvest of potato is the selection of plots. It is necessary to select plots with loose soil and deep tillage layers. The soil fertility is medium to upper, and the plots should be concentrated and contiguous, which is more convenient for production and easy to harvest. After selecting the plot, the plot should be deep-plowed, the soil should be loose, and the fine soil work should be done to improve the soil's water storage and fertilizer retention capacity.
2 Seed selection, cutting and seed potato treatment
The selection of seed potatoes is very important. It is necessary to choose varieties with good shape, large size and good taste. These varieties have smooth sales and can bring good economic benefits to farmers. At the same time, the seed potato must have no scars and cracks, and ensure that the seed potato can not be diseased. When selecting seeds, avoid the problem of disease, so as to avoid the disease of the later stage and affect the yield and quality. After selecting the seed potato, the dicing should be uniform, and the dicing tool must be sterilized to ensure that the dicing tool should be thin and fast. It is recommended to cut it vertically, and the cut potato chips should not be less than 2 pieces. Bud eye.
3 Reasonable close planting
Reasonable close planting is also the key to ensure the quality of planting. Reasonable close planting is not only conducive to improving the efficiency of photosynthesis, but also ensuring reasonable ventilation, which is conducive to the healthy growth of potato plants. Pay attention to deep sowing when planting, sowing should be straight and even. It is best to choose sunny day sowing, cloudy days are also possible, but it is necessary to consider whether it will rain on cloudy days. If it rains, it cannot be planted, and it is not recommended to plant immediately after rain. After the spring sowing, the principle of field management is “first spurt and then promoteâ€, that is, before the buds, try not to water, in order to prevent the upper part of the larvae from growing, after the buds, watering and fertilizing, and promoting the growth of the underground part. Generally, in mid-April, the cultivating and topdressing is carried out: 40~50 kg of carbon ammonia per mu (15 kg of urea) can be applied to the ditch, and the soil and watering will be carried out from late April to early May, and the second cultivation will be carried out in mid-May. And watering, after the watering according to the lyrics, in order to keep the soil moist, the land is dry, see the wet is appropriate, 10 days before the harvest does not water, in order to prevent the field of rotten potatoes, if the plant has a tendency to grow wild, can be in the bud Period (late April, early May) spray 50~100 grams of 15% paclobutraz per acre to control.
4 Rational fertilization
Fertilizers are important for improving potato yield and ensuring the quality of potatoes. They must be used scientifically and rationally. Excessive and too little use is not scientific. It is recommended that the base fertilizer be mainly based on decomposed farmyard manure, or potato special fertilizer can be used. Generally, about 2000 kg of farmyard manure per mu should be applied. Fertilizer, Xianlei before the seedlings grow to a height of about 20 cm can be applied to potato fertilizer, promote fruit development, the potato must pay attention to the scientific use of fertilizer, to ensure that potatoes increase production and income.
5 cultivating management
After the emergence of the potato, some weeds will also accompany it. If it is not treated in time, it may affect the normal growth of the potato, and the potato will fight for nutrients. Therefore, after the emergence of the potato, the cultivating and weeding should be properly arranged. The number of weeding depends on the weed condition. Generally speaking, about one month after the emergence of the potato, a cultivating and weeding can be carried out, and the second time can be carried out after one month. Weeding should be based on the basic principles of “except early, small, and except†to maximize the herbicidal effect. At the same time, it is recommended to carry out the cultivating and hoeing for 2~3 times, and truly reach the deep-seed deep cover, so as to ensure the nutrients and water needed for the potato to grow, so that the potato tubers are all buried deep in the soil to increase the amount of potato and increase the yield.
6 picking flowers to bud
For the varieties with strong berry, after the buds of the potato, the buds should be removed in time to avoid the nutrient consumption caused by the flowering results and ensure the supply of nutrients.
7 Pest Control
Pest control is a problem that all growers can't ignore, because once pests and diseases occur, it will definitely have a certain impact on the yield or quality of the potato. Although many times the chemical control can prevent the potato from being infested, the use of the drug will not only give Farmers increase the economic burden and bring pollution to the environment. In the prevention and control of pests and diseases, it is recommended to do preventive work first, and to prevent risks more than prevention. For farmers, they must learn to correctly identify common pests and diseases of potatoes so that they can timely grasp the treatment time and avoid further losses when pests and diseases occur. At the same time, if physical control or biological control can be taken in prevention and control, try not to take chemical control, and take chemical control if necessary. Chemical control must pay attention to the amount of the drug, to avoid excessive use of phytotoxicity to the potato.
The above mainly chooses from the plot of potato; selection, cutting, seed potato treatment; rational close planting, improving the quality of potato planting; rational fertilization; cultivating management; picking flowers and buds and pest control, summarizing the technical measures of potato cultivation, hope Provide reference for the majority of farmers, while the majority of farmers continue to improve the level of potato planting technology, while improving their own economic benefits, while improving the quality of potatoes.
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