Precocious cultivation of tomatoes is the use of greenhouses, plastic greenhouses or small sheds, mulches, etc. to promote cultivation. Seedlings are generally sown in early January and transplanted in the middle and late March. The tomato cultivated by this cultivation method can be listed two months earlier than conventional cultivation, which can supplement the supply of off-season vegetables in early spring and increase the economic benefits. The main points of its management technology are:
First, flowering and fruiting period If this period is not properly managed, it will easily lead to plant growth or be affected by low temperatures. The soil temperature at the time of colonization is relatively low and the colonization water should not be too large. After planting 3-4 days, the seedling water can be slightly larger. Precocious cultivation of most preserved two ear fruit. In order to promote the seedlings to expand the nutritional area of ​​the plant and prevent premature senescence, after the seedlings are sown, deep cultivators are used to control the appropriate seedlings for watering. The degree of seedlings should be determined by the growth and variety of seedlings. Early maturing varieties are generally aligned in the first panicle, and the second panicle fruiting or partial fruit set has been picked up without any possibility of leggy. It is necessary to end the seedlings. Aging seedlings should be promoted mainly, without seedlings, to promote their hair as soon as possible.
Temperature control standards for this period were 23-25°C during the day and 13-17°C at night. In order to prevent low temperature caused by falling flowers, growth hormone can be used to flower. There are two commonly used growth hormones, one is 2,4-D, and the use concentration is 15-2010-6. When used, the drug should be formulated to the required concentration. At the time of 8-9 am every day, the half-opened or just-opened flowers should be placed in the diluent. Pay attention to the water droplets can not be drip after spray, can not be sprayed, with the use of liquid medicine with the use, the concentration must be accurate, and avoid repeated flowering, so as not to produce phytotoxicity or deformed fruit. The other auxin is rhaudin, used at a concentration of 30-4010-6, which can be used for flowering, flowering or spraying. The time of application is that half of the same ear flower is sprayed when it is open, and each flower is sprayed twice.
Second, the results of the period of this family is from the first spike to sit fruit, until the pull. During this period, fertilizer and water management should be strengthened to promote harmonious growth of fruits and vegetables. When the first ear diameter is 2-3 cm, it is necessary to end the seedlings and carry out top dressing and watering. Generally, urea should be applied at 10-15 kg per acre. Superphosphate 20 kg, followed by watering after topdressing, after pouring water every 6-7 days, watering to prevent too large or too small, so as to avoid empty fruit or fruit rot. When the second ear is formed, chase it again. The standard for temperature control at this stage is 23-25°C during the day and 13-17°C at night. When the temperature outside the shed warms up, gradually increase ventilation. In addition, timely adjustments should be made to the plants and timely removal of collaterals. Appropriate sparsely flowering, each inflorescence retains 4 to 5 fruit at base. After the fruit is harvested, the old leaves below the ear are promptly knocked out to facilitate ventilation and reduce the incidence. To promote fruit ripening, apply 10010-6 ethephon to the fruit when the fruit is ripe, spray it with 800-100010-6 ethephon for 7-10 days before pulling, and make the fruit 5-7 days ahead of schedule. Turn red.
Third, the prevention and treatment of diseases prematurely cultivated tomatoes, susceptible to spot blight, early blight, late blight, leaf mold, gray mold and other hazards under protective conditions. These diseases develop rapidly under conditions of high temperature and high humidity. Failure to prevent or treat them in time will result in severe reduction of production or loss of production. Can use 50% carbendazim wettable powder 500-1000 times, or 1:1:200 times more Bordeaux spray control. From the nursery stage, prevention and treatment should be carried out. Spray once every 7 days, spray for 2-3 days continuously, and spray 2-3 times after planting.
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