Spring cultivation of black fungus cultivation management technology

First, as a bed to select a convenient source of water, can irrigation can row place, the best tree-lined place, try to avoid the beach, north-south or Shunpo for shallow trampoline. The length and width of the trampoline are appropriate to the local conditions. The width is generally 1.1 to 1.5 meters, and the depth is 20 centimeters. The trampoline (operating track) is 60 to 70 centimeters. Rinse the surface first and then osmosis, and then spray 500 times thiophanate-methyl and trichlorfon to sterilize and kill insects. It is best to lay bags in the saggers to cover the old mulch to avoid watering, rain, and tears. Piece splashed with sand. 2. When the bag of mycelium has just covered the bag or is about to grow to the bottom of the bag (1 to 2 centimeters from the bottom of the bag), the lower collar is fastened with a plastic cord, and the collar is removed and the pocket is tied back. The hole in the bag is obvious, and the bag can be directly twisted into a hole in the inoculation hole. Third, cut the mouth with 0.1% Kejiwang or potassium permanganate solution disinfection bag surface, and then inverted cut ear. When cutting the mouth, leave 4 centimeters at the bottom of the bag (at the mouth) and 2 centimeters at the top. Use a blade or scalpel to cut the "V"-shaped mouth, with an angle of 45 to 60, a side length of 2 cm, and a depth of 0.5 cm. Each bag is cut in 3 layers of 4 to 5 pieces each, arranged in a product shape, perpendicular to the bed surface. Note: 1 The fungus must be transported to the ear bed side, side (mouth) mouth, cut mouth, cover the curtain, prevent the mycelium from cutting mouth dry, form an aging film, hinder the formation of the original base; 2 to be in the material The bag should be cut tightly at the place where it is cut off. Do not scratch under strong light, high temperature, strong wind, or rain, or at the place where the bag is separated, creased, or contaminated with bacteria (heavy polluted bags may come out of the ear). The primordium was formed and the incision was made at the sterile wire. IV. Bags that have been bagged at the end of the pouches are first concentrated on the ear: the septum is tightly packed in the ear-push bed, the pouch is 2 to 3 cm in size, and the foot is filled with sterile wet grass curtains King or 1000 times thiophanate-methyl soaked, controlled net moisture) and plastic film (or with a small arch) ear reminder 7 to 10 days, when the black base seal sealing line, it is best to differentiate the sawtooth on the primordium When the ear buds are curved, they are uncovered in the morning light and the light, and the ears are evacuated; the spacing between the bacteria bags is 10 centimeters, and 20 to 25 bags per square meter can be placed. V. Out-of-earm management (head-to-ear) (1) The original (ear) base formation period (7 to 10 days): that is, ear-concentration. From scratch to the formation of coral-like black lines, during the period to maintain the humidity of the bed 80% to 90%, the temperature of 15 ~ 25 °C to 18 ~ 23 °C the best. Every 2 or 3 days, the plastic film is lifted in the morning and evening when there is no wind, and the accumulated water droplets are shaken off, supplemented by brief ventilation. As long as the temperature does not exceed 25°C, there is no need for daily ventilation. (2) fruiting body differentiation period (5 to 7 days): ear bud period. From the coral-like (ear) base to 2 to 3 centimeters (large apricot kernel), small sticks begin to stick out. Management is basically the same as the original base period. After splitting the bed, we continued to keep the bed and weeds were moist. The temperature is not enough, you can spray water to the straw curtain, so that the curtain is wet and not dripping, avoid direct water spray to the bacteria bag, due to excessive water absorption of the ear buds will cause the cell to expand and rupture, leading to infection. The temperature of the bed is lower than 18°C, cover the film to warm; the bed temperature exceeds 25°C, and a layer of grass curtains is covered to cool and moisten the shade. When the original base grows to 1 to 1.5 centimeters, it is appropriate to increase the amount of ventilation every 1 to 2 hours, at intervals of 2 to 3 days. Both ends of drafting curtains can be drafted in the early morning and evening, and ventilation is enhanced from the side of the bed. Thick or cloudy grass curtains, sooner or later can be opened straw ventilation and light. (3) Growth period of fruiting bodies (7-10 days): from the opening to the maturation of fruiting bodies. During this period, the ear buds grow faster, and after a few days they grow into irregular wavy ear pieces, forming a "chicken crown" and "chrysanthemum"-shaped ear plexus. In this period, the bed temperature is maintained at 15 to 25°C and the humidity is 90% to 100%. As the ears gradually grow up, the amount of water spray and ventilation should be gradually increased - large humidity, large ventilation is the key to the rapid growth of black fungus. In terms of water management, we must follow the laws of “dry long mycelium, wet and long ears” and adopt the “dry-wet-wet” management method: the humidity in the trampoline during the day is small, and in the evening and in the early morning when the water is sprayed and moistened, wet and dry appears. Alternating, conducive to the normal growth of fungus. Drafting curtains were lifted in the evening and a fog was sprayed and covered with straw curtains. The next morning the grass curtains were sprayed with water again. Sunny day, high temperature days and more spray, cloudy, low temperature spray days; bed temperature exceeds 26 °C, should increase the number of spray water to the straw curtain to cool. Sixth, pick ears when the ear fully developed, the edge of wrinkling thinning and softening, color fade, ear root contraction, or part of the ear surface of the white powder (spore powder), it is timely harvest. Late mining affects the yield and quality, and high temperatures and high humidity can also cause flow. Stop spraying water 1~2 days before picking ears, remove the straw curtain, let the sun shine, make the ear pieces dry, and use the dew to dry the next morning. The best choice is to harvest on sunny days to benefit the sun. When picking, take the fungus bag in one hand and insert the ear root along the edge of the ear with one finger. Pull out the base and cut the root of the medium with scissors. If there is mud on the ear piece, wash it. After being spread on the drying mat (or sand net), it can be sun dried after 2 days and stored in plastic bags in moisture-proof and light-off storage. Pay attention to boxing ears, flowing ears, bad ears, unopened pieces of fungus and store them individually. Seventh, two ear ear management methods Good cultivation and management, can be taken 3 ears. After the end of the harvest, the ear bed is cleaned, and the king of the mold is used to eliminate the poison; the bed is dried and the straw is dried; the ear root of the fungus bag is removed, and the sun is dried (avoid glare at noon) for 1 day, and then the straw is closed , stop the water for 7 to 10 days to keep the bacteria. Then, the bed and straw are sterilized... Managed according to the first ear method. In 2, 3 ears, because the ear stamina is better than the first one, the ear growth is slow, it is necessary to reduce the number of water spray and the amount of water spray. When the growth of the lug is obviously stagnant, drafting must be lifted to allow the sun (avoiding glare) to dry the ear and bed surface, cover the straw curtain, and spray water after 2 to 5 days (pay attention to spray and spray). Ears continue to grow. When watering, pay attention to pouring it, and dry it, otherwise it will affect normal growth of fungus. Combined with watering, mushroom fern, triacontanol and other nutrient solutions.

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