Reducing solar heat and hot summer season, cows stay in closed cow houses, under the pergola, under the shade, and can reduce solar radiant heat by 20% to 30%; designing cowsheds is not only beneficial to winter insulation, but also beneficial to Ventilation cools in summer. Household free-range households can construct simple shelters according to local conditions to ensure that each cow has a shaded area of ​​3.7 to 5.6 square meters. If you use a quail feeding system, please do not leave the cows exposed to the sun for long periods of time.
The installation of fans in convection ventilation cowhouses will be strengthened, mechanical ventilation will be strengthened, air flow will be accelerated, and the calories of cows will be taken away, which will help reduce heat stress. The fan is installed at a height of 2 meters from the cow's back and a slope of 20 degrees to 30 degrees from the ground, and the corresponding power is selected. It is advisable to maintain the wind speed of 120 to 180 meters per minute above the bovine body.
Strengthen the greening of the environment and surrounding the farms to strengthen the greening will not only help to purify the air, but also reduce the ambient temperature. According to reports, the surface temperature of the grassland is 22°C to 24.5°C, which is 3°C to 6°C lower than the bare ground, when the temperature of bare ground in the same area is 27.5°C in the summer.
Set the shower hot summer heat, you can cool the cow by shower. The intermittent shower with large water droplets is the best. The specific shower is from large droplets, each spraying time is 30 seconds, and the interval is 4 minutes and a half minutes. At the same time, the fan is blown to dry the body surface, taking away body heat is conducive to cooling. Also, it is possible to avoid contaminating the breasts with water droplets and repeat every 5 minutes for 30 minutes. According to the degree of heat stress of dairy cows, the interval of spraying cycles is determined. Spraying sites are located above the trough (not wet feed), sports ground, waiting area, exit of the milking parlor, etc. The sprayed ground is easy to be cement ground.
Adjust the operating procedures to adjust the time appropriately: early pre-feeding, postponing late-feeding, and prolonging the period of early feeding and late feeding, preferably with adequate daily food supply throughout the night. During the hot noon, the cows should be kept in the barn or in the pergola with cooling facilities. Reduce the density of dairy cows in the area to be squeezed, speed up milking operations and reduce the time for cows to stay in the milking parlor.
Adjusting dietary nutrient heat stress results in a decrease in dry matter intake of dairy cows, which can compensate for the nutritional deficiencies caused by reduced feed intake by increasing the nutrient concentration of the unit diet. Usually increase the energy and protein level in the diet by 10% to 12%; increase 1kg to 2kg of concentrate feed per head, but the dry matter content of the concentrate feed should not exceed 60%; add 0.75% to 1.5% of sodium bicarbonate 0.35% to 0.4% magnesia rumen buffer. Add 0.3% potassium chloride to supplement potassium loss caused by increased body fluid loss. In addition, add 300 grams of rumen bypass fat, but the content of dietary fat should not exceed 6%; supplement vitamin A, D, E, supplemented by 30 micrograms organic chromium per kilogram of concentrate material. Hot summer cows need more water to make sure that cows have sufficient, clean and cool drinking water.