With the overall development of the rural economy, the source of feed has become more and more abundant. In the past, the pig-raising principle of “mainly raw materials with coarse grains and proper mix of fine ingredients†has basically changed. At present, rural pig farming is moving in the direction of scientific rearing. Using scientific feeding methods, it is possible to use feeds rationally and increase the feed conversion rate, so that pigs can grow more meat quickly. Therefore, pig farmers should pay attention to the following aspects in the feeding process. 1. Raw and Cooked Feeding In rural areas, many pig farmers have a habit of feeding cooked foods. It is believed that cooked feeds can reduce the volume of feed, soften crude fiber, allow pigs to eat more, and increase digestibility. According to experiments, the type of feed is different. Raw and cooked feeds are different. Green and coarse feeds are fed better than raw feeds. The digestibility of dry matter and carbohydrates is also higher in the clinker group, protein and crude fiber. There was no significant difference in digestibility. In the concentrate type diet, legume seeds are actually cooked and fed better than raw ones. However, most of the concentrate type diets are better than the raw ones, and generally consume 5% to 10% of the nutrients after cooking. The raw materials are fed to pigs, and the average daily weight gain is 10% higher than that of the cooked ones. For each kilogram increase in gross weight, 0.2-0.3 kg of fine material can be saved. There is no difference between dry matter digestibility and protein digestibility. In addition, raw feed to pigs can save a lot of labor and fuel. However, some toxic or easily contaminated feeds, such as rapeseed cakes, cottonseed cakes, glutinous rice, etc., can be detoxified or disinfected after cooking. 2. Thick feeds and thin feeds Thin feeds due to high water content, dilute soup filling pot belly, leading to decreased secretion of digestive juice, accelerate gastric emptying, shorten the time for feed to stay in the stomach, is bound to reduce the digestibility of feed nutrients. Thick-feeding, in particular, raw-dry feeding and raw-wet feeding, can enhance the chewing performance of pigs, promote the secretion of digestive juices, prolong the stay of feed in the stomach and improve the digestibility of nutrients. Therefore, it is recommended to use thick feed, dry feed, or water. The degree of dryness and wetness of the dry material mixed with the green feed slurry should be determined as closely spaced and scattered. 3. Small meals and large meals must be based on the type of pig, age, season and feed nature to determine the number of meals, can not be generalized. The suckling pig has a small stomach volume and weak digestion. From the 7th day of age, it mainly induces food and can limit the number of meals; from the 20th day of age until weaning, it can feed more than 6 tons per day; the newly weaned piglet digests the feed. The function is in an increasingly enhanced stage and can be fed 4 to 5 tons per day; sows with sows and late sows are in need of more nutrients and can feed 4 tons per day; shelf pigs, big pigs, empty sows, boars Feed 3 meals a day. In summer, the weather is hot, the length of the nights is short, and the pigs have a long activity time. You can add 1-2 meals, as appropriate, to prevent hunger and replenishment. The winter is cold and the nights are long. The first meal in the morning is to be fed early. The evening meal is to be fed late to properly open the interval. And in the evening, you have to feed it thick to prevent it from being cold. 4. Regular feeding of the pigs can never be delayed today, early feeding tomorrow, the time should be fixed feeding the pig every day. This will make the pigs grow habits. They want to eat as soon as time passes, and they regularly secrete digestive juices. They are particularly fragrant when eaten. They are also easy to digest and are not susceptible to gastrointestinal problems. If the feeding time is not fixed, they disrupt the regularity of the pig’s life. , It is easy to cause digestive disorders, each meal is not fragrant, indigestion, leading to pigs suffering from gastro-intestinal diseases, over time, the pig will be thin, growth retardation. 5. Feeding pigs with hunger and eating a full meal will also make the pigs indigestion and slow weight gain. Therefore, when the pig's approximate feed intake is ascertained, a general feeding amount should be determined. However, the food intake of the same group or even the same pig is often controlled by the climatic conditions and the dietary suitability of the feed. Generally, no food is left in the trough after feeding, and pigs are not suitable for troughing. If there are leftovers in the tank, you can reduce the points next time; if you do not eat enough, you can feed more points next time. The appetite law of pigs is generally the most prosperous in the evening, followed by morning, and the worst in the midday. The amount of the day's feeding should be roughly distributed according to this rule, so that the pig always maintains a strong appetite. The feed of the quailized pigs is best fed to a regular feed mill. The formulated feed is formulated according to the feeding standards of pigs of different types of growth and development stages. If farmhouses are self-provisioned, the digestion energy level and protein level of the mixture should be roughly determined according to the feeding standards. The variety and ratio of each ingredient should not change too much. 6. Fixed temperature food temperature has a greater relationship with pig health and weight gain. Spring, summer and autumn are generally fed at room temperature. In winter, hot water should be used to prepare feed and warm water. If the food temperature is too low, the pig will consume a lot of body heat after it is eaten, so that the feed can be raised to the same level as the body temperature, and the body heat must be supplemented by the heat energy produced by the oxidation of the nutrient in the feed, which is virtually wasteful. Many feeds may also cause miscarriage and gastroenteritis in pregnant sows. When healthy pigs eat, they have the habit of catching food. Therefore, when feeding pigs, they should not be fed with hot scalding food. Otherwise, the pig's mouth mucous membranes and even the esophagus are easily burned. Feeding hot food for a long time can also cause hair loss and hinder pig development. China Agricultural Network Editor
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