First, harvest time
Generally, 70% to 80% of the pods should be browned in time.
Larger contiguous production fields due to differences in soil conditions and management measures may lead to inconsistent seed maturity in different plots. At this time, earlier mature plots should be harvested to reduce the loss of mature seeds.
Harvest time must consider the difference in harvesting methods. Harvesting can be done at the best harvest time when harvesting is done with a more efficient combine harvester, and less efficient when using a small mower or manually harvesting, harvest time should be appropriately advanced.
Harvest time also needs to take into account weather conditions. Rainfall will reduce the quality of seed and increase the difficulty of harvesting operations. It should be avoided as much as possible during the rainy season. The harvest time can be appropriately advanced or delayed according to the weather forecast.
Second, the harvest method
Harvesting seeds can generally be harvested with a combine harvester, mower or manually.
When harvesting using a combine harvester, the plants may be sprayed with a desiccant and dried for 3 to 5 days prior to harvest. Desiccant contact rust remover, such as diquat, diuron, Li Gulong and so on. Harvesting should be carried out when there is no dew, no fog, and when it is sunny and dry, so that seeds can be easily threshed and harvest loss can be reduced. At present, most of the domestic combine harvesters are not professional forage seed harvesting machines. Therefore, when harvesting alfalfa seeds, appropriate adjustments should be made to relevant parameters to reduce losses during harvesting.
Third, the seed drying
The freshly harvested seeds must be dried immediately. Should make full use of better weather conditions for exposure or airing, drying the venue to cement the field as well. Drying seeds should be wavy and not more than 5 cm thick, and they should be turned in time.
If the weather is humid after harvest, special drying equipment should be used for artificial drying, such as fire rolling dryer, drying tower, steam dryer and so on. The drying temperature is maintained at 30°C to 40°C.
Fourth, seed cleaning
The dried seeds are sown using a seed professional forage seed separator to remove the seeds or other plant seeds while minimizing the net seed loss. The commonly used cleaning methods include wind screen cleaning, specific gravity cleaning, nest cleaning, and surface feature cleaning. Commonly used equipment includes air flow screening machines, specific gravity cleaners, eye disk separators, and spiral separators.
V. Seed field management after harvest
After the seeds are harvested, the draft stalks in the field should be promptly removed. For seed fields with excessive plant density (greater than 25 plants per square meter), in-row thinning should be performed. At a row spacing of 60 cm, plants within 30 cm of the row are planted every 30 cm.
According to the soil nutrient status of the seed field, suitable fertilizers such as phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer are applied. Fill winter water before winter.
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