Fruit-assisted pollination is an important measure in the management of fruit trees. It has obvious effects on increasing yield, improving fruit quality and increasing fruit size. However, it takes 1-2 days for the powder to be dried, which often delays the pollination of the head flower. However, the use of different local flowering seasons to collect the powder is time-consuming, the cost is too high, the cost of the 1 g pollen is 7-10 yuan, and the long-distance transportation often occurs. Pollen quality cannot be guaranteed. My field began in 1997 and will spend the second year in succession. The amount of excess flower bloomed after pollination at the flowering stage will be quickly frozen and stored. The cost is low, 1g is only about 1 yuan, and the method is simple, easy to understand, as long as there is an ordinary refrigerator, Anyone can operate. Pollen survival rate is high and the effect is good. My field began to promote in large areas in 1999. 1. Pollen Freezing Effect In 1997, 1 pollen (15 g) was used as a pollen for Golden Crown and Indian mixed pollen. Before storage, the germination rate was measured as 70.5%; the germination rate was 56.5% before the second year of use, and the pollen survival rate was 80.14%. In 1998, three pollen tests (300g, 500g, and 60g, respectively, were stored in three refrigerators) were used as golden crown, new red star, kaola, and Indian mixed powder. The germination rates before storage were 64.1% and 73.1%, respectively. 64.4%, before the second year of use, the germination rates were 35.1%, 66.4%, and 53.2% respectively, and the pollen survival rates were 54.8%, 90.8%, and 82.6%, respectively. Compared with the new pollen collected in the same year, the pollen germination potential after refrigeration was better. High uniformity. 2. Economic Significance of Pollen Refrigeration The 600,000 fruit trees in my field require 30 kg of pure pollen each year. The previous period needs about 10 kg of purchased pollen, and the cost is 70,000 yuan. The frozen pollen only needs to invest about 10,000 yuan, saving 85% of the cost. -90%, significant benefits. In the early spring, pollen extraction is not only labor-intensive, but also the amount of flour produced is small. Each 50kg flower can only produce about 200g of powder, and the flour yield is 0.4%. The frozen pollen collected late pollen, the powder extraction rate of 2%, and to solve the problem of artificial pollination labor shortage. After pollination, the amount of extra flowers was picked, which played a role in sparse flowering, which saved the nutrients of the fruit tree and thus ensured the fruit setting rate of the fruit trees. Due to the flourishing flower powder, there is a wide selection of varieties, and 4-5 varieties of mixed pollen can be used at the same time to lay the foundation for improving the effect of artificial pollination. 3. Frozen method At the same time of artificial pollination, the flowers that are full and full of development flowers are collected to make anthers, dried at natural temperature for 1-2 days, and then floured, and then wrapped in plain white paper within 24 hours. To prevent heat, do not pack more than 10g per pack. Pack every 5-10 times into a kraft envelope. Seal it with a non-toxic plastic bag (preferably two layers) and store it immediately in the refrigerator freezer. Pay attention to the following points when storing: 1 The pollen must be sealed to prevent the odor of the refrigerator from entering the pollen. 2 Frozen pollen is slightly drier than directly collected pollens; to avoid agglomeration after freezing, affecting the germination rate. 3 Keep the temperature of the refrigerator below -4°C. Do not flicker. In case of power outage, you should also try to maintain the required low temperature. 4 When used, if the amount of frozen pollen is too large to be used once, it can be removed in several batches. After freezing, the pollen germination is strong and the abortion rate is high. The pollen removed should be used within 24 hours. (Hao Shuchi Dong Fengmei Pan Zhenwei Liao Man)
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